TIR YASHT

Yenghe hātām āat yesne paiti vanghō, Mazdāo Ahurō vaētha ashāt hachā, yāonghāmcha tānschā tāoschā yazamaide.

(To recite in bāz) Hormazd Khodāe awazūnie mardum, mardum sardagān hamā sardagān, hambāyaste vehān, oem behedīn māzdayasnān āgāhī āstavānī nekī rasānad aedūn bād. (To recite aloud) Yathā Ahū Vairyō 2.

Yasnemcha vahmemcha aojascha zavarecha āfrīnāmi, Tishtryehe stārō raēvatō khvarenanguhatō satavaēsahe frāpahe sūrahe Mazdadhātahe. Ashem Vohū 1.

Ahmāi raēshcha; Hazangrem; Jasa me avanghe Mazda; Kerfeh Mozd.

Roz nek nām, roz pāk nām, roz mubārak (falān) māhe mubārak (falān), gāhe (falān) namāz dādāre gehān dāmān. Khshnaothra Ahurahe Mazdāo, taroidfte angrahe mainyeush. Haithyāvarshtām hyat vasnā ferashōtemem. Staomi Ashem; Ashem Vohū 1. Gorje khoreh awazāyād Teshtar Tir rayōmand khorehmand berasad amāvand pirozgar amāvandīh pirozgarī. Dād dīn beh Māzdayasnān, āgāhī ravāi goāfarangānī bād hafte keshvar zamīn; aedūn bād. Man āno āvāyad shudan, man āno āvāyad shudan, man āno āvāyad shudan. Ashaone Ashem Vohū 1.

(Recite facing South) dādāre gehān dīne Mazdayasni dāde Zarathushtī. Nemase-te ashāum sēvishte Aredvi Sūra Anāhite. Ashaone Ashem Vohū 1.

Nemō urvaire vanguhi Mazdadhāte. Ashaone Ashem Vohū 1. Tishtrīm stārem raēvantem khvarenanguhantem yazamaide. Ashem Vohū 1. Teshtar Tir rayōmand khorehmand berasad. Ashem Vohū 1.

GOSH YASHT

xaKhshnaothra Ahurahe Mazdāo. Ashem Vohū 1.

Pa nāme yazdān Ahura Mazda khodāe awazūnī gorje khoreh awazāyād; Gēush urva Dravāspa sūrahe khoreh berasād.xb

Az hamā gunāh patet pashemānum; az harvastin dushmata duzhukhta duzhvarshta, mem pa getī manīd, oem goft, oem kard, oem jast, oem būn būd ested. Az ān gunāh manashnī gavashnī kunashnī, tanī ravānī getī mīnōānī, okhe avākhsh pashemān pa sē gavashnī pa patet

xa This yasht is also known by the name “Dravāspa yasht”. As regards the explanation of “Dravāspa”, see the last note of paragraph 1 of this yasht.

xb i.e. May the powerful and glorious Goshuruna Dravāspa come (unto my help)! For its explanation, see the last note of paragraph 1 of this yasht.

hom. Khshnaothra Ahurahe Mazdāo, tarōidīte angrahe mainyēush; Haithyāvarshtām hyat vasnā ferashōtemem. Staomi Ashem Vohū 3.

Fravaranē mazdayasnō Zarathushtrish vīdaēvō Ahura-tkaēshō (Gāh according to the period of the day) frasastayaēcha. Dravāspayao sūrayāo Mazdadhātayāo ashaonyāo,xc khshnaothra yasnāicha vahmāicha khshnaothrāicha frasastayaēcha yathā Ahū Vairyō zaota frā-me mrūte, athā ratush ashātchit hacha frā ashava vīdhvāo mraotū.

(Kardāh 1) (1) Dravāspām1 sūrām2 Mazdadhātām3 ashaonīm4 yazamaide5; drvō-pasvām6, drvō-staorām7, drvō-urvathām8, drvō-aperenāyukām9 pouru-spakhshtīm10 dūrāt11 pathana12 khvāthravana13 dareghō-hakhedhrayana14.

(1) We worship5 the powerful2 (and) holy4 xdDravāspa1, possessed of long-standing friendship14 created by Ahura Mazda3, giving health to cattle6, or drought animals7, to xefriends8, and children9, keeping watchfully10 from afar11, giving happiness13 widely12.xf

(2) Yukhta aspām15 varetō-rathām16, khvanat-chakhrām17, fshaonīm18, marezām19, amavaitīm20, huraodhām21, khvāsaokām22 baēshazyām23 drvō-stāitīm24, drvō-varetām25 avanghe26 narām27 ashaonām28.

(2) (xgWe worship Dravāspa) who yokes teams of horses15, keeps the fastmoving chariot16, with resounding (or shining) wheels17, prosperity-giving18, pure19, powerful20, beautiful21, conferring benefit on one’s self22, healing23, xhstanding firm24, giving powerful support25 for the help26 of the righteous28

men27.

xc i.e. For the worship, etc., of the powerful and holy Dravāspa created by Ahura Mazda (see Khorshed Nyāyesh).

xd The original meaning of drvāspa (= drva + aspa) is “giving health to the horse”, hence the yazata giving health to all the animals; as his collaborator there occurs “Gēush urvan”, the meaning of which is the soul of the cattle, source, the “soul of the universe”. Moreover, the yazata Dravāspa is in the feminine gender like Āvan, Din, Ashishvangh. Dr. Haug from the last part of this paragraph compares “Dravāspa” with the Milky-way, thus: with many eyes (pouruspakhshtīm); with distant roads (durāt pathana), self-shining (khvāthravana) and with long constellation or with the cluster of stars (dareghō-hakhedh-rayana).

xe If we derive the word “urvathām” from the Sanskrit root vardh = to grow, then the meaning of “drvō urvathām” having followed by “r” and preceded by the redundant “u” becomes “urvadh” = urvath.

xf Or guarding fully from afar the roads, with comfortable, long-standing friendship. If we take this word “pouru-spakhshti” instead of “pouru-spakhshtīm” according to Geldner’s text and the last three words in the instrumental singular, then it can be translated as:- We worship Dravāspa giving health to children, who guards fully10 from afar” with wide12, long-standing friendship14

accompanied by happiness13. Original meaning is “with full watch”.

xg Here “yazamaide” occurring in the first para is to be employed.

xh From “drvō-stāiti” the Persian word “dorosta” (sound) is derived

GOSH YASHT

(3) xiTām29 yazata30 Haoshyanghō31 Paradhātō32 upa33 upabde34 Harayāo35 Berezō36 Srīrayāo37 Mazdadhātayāo38, satem39 aspanām40 hazangrem41 gavām42, baēvare43 anumayanām44 uta45 zaothrām46 frabarō47.

(3) Also45 the bearer47 of libations46 (King) Haoshyangha31 of the Pishdadian (Dynasty) worshipped30 her29 (i.e. Dravāspa) near33 the foot34 of the beautiful37 Mount Alborz35-36, created by Ahura Mazda38, with a hundred39

horses401, a thousand41 xjoxen42 (and) ten thousand43 small xkanimals44 (and prayed for the boon).

(4) Dazdi48 me49 vanguhi50 sēvishte51 Dravāspe52, tat53 āyaptem54, yat55 bavāni56 aiwi-vanyāo57 vīspe58 daēva59 māzainya60, yatha61 azem62 nōit63 tarshtō64 frānemāne65 thvaēshāt66 parō67 daēvaēibyō68, frā ahmāt69 parō70 vīspe71 daēva72 anusō73 tarshta74 nemāonte75, tarshta76 temanghō77 dvarāonte78.

(4) O good50 and most beneficent51 Dravāspa52! grant thou48 unto me49

this53 boon54 that I may overcome56-57 all58 the daevas59 of Māzandarān60, also61 that I62 (am) never63 striken with terror64, bow down65 through fear66

before67 the daevas68, (but) on the contrary69-70 all71 the daevas72 striken with terror74 bow down75 (before me) against their will73 (and) terror-striken76 run away74 into darkness77.

(5) Dathat78 ahmāi79 tat80 avat81 āyaptem82 drvāspa83 sūra84 Mazdadhāta85 ashaoni86 thrāthri87 zaothrō-barāi88 aredhrāi89 yazemnāi90

jaidhyantāi91, dāthrish92 āyaptem93.

(5) The heroic84, holy86 Dravāspa83 created by Ahura Mazda85, the nourishing (and) the bestower92 of boons93 granted78 (the boon mentioned in the fourth paragraph above) to that79 bearer of libations88, the dedicator89, the worshipper90 a and the beseecher91 (i.e. to the King Hoshang of the Pishdadian Dynasty).

(6) Ahe94 raya 95 khvarenanghacha96, tām97 yazāi98 surunvata99 yasna100, tām1 yazāi2 huyashta3 yasna4, Dravāspām5 sūrām6 Mazdadhātam7 ashaonīm8, zaothrābyō9 Dravāspām10 sūrām11 Mazdadhātam12 ashaonīm13 yazamaide14.

Haomayō gava baresmana, hizvō-danghangha, mānthracha vachacha syaothnacha, zaothrābyascha arshukhdhaēibyascha vāghzibyō.

Yenghe hātām āat yesne paiti vanghō, Mazdāo Ahurō vaētha ashāt hachā,

xi Except the last three words this para occurs in Avān yasht, para 21.

xj In the literal sense these are translated as: “a hundred of horses, a thousand oxen and ten thousand small animals”.

xk The final portion of this paragraph occurs in the seventh karda of the Srosh yasht Vadi.

yāonghāmcha tānschā tāoschā yazamaide.

(6) On account of her94 (i.e. Dravāspa’s) splendour95 and glory96 her97 do I worship98 with the famous99 yasna100 (and) do I worship her (i.e.) the heroic6

and holy8 Dravāspa5 created by Ahura Mazda7 with the well-consecrated3

yasna4. We worship14 the heroic11 (and) holy13 Dravāspa10 created by Ahura Mazda12 with libations9.

(Kardāh 2) (7) xlDravāspām sūrām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm yazamaide; drvō-pasvām, drvō-staorām, drvō-urvathām drvō-aperenāyukām, pouru-spakhshtīm dūrāt, pathana khvāthravana dareghōhakhedhrayana. Yukhta-aspām, varetō-rathām, khvanat-chakhrām, fshaonīm, marezām, amavaitim huraodhām, khvāsaokām, baēshazyām, drvō-stāitīm, drvō-varetām avanghe narām ashaonām.

(8) Tām1 yazata2 yō3 yimō4 khshaēto5 hvāthwō6 Hukairyāt7 hacha8 berezanghat9, satem10 aspanām11 hazangrem12 gavām13 baēvare14 anumayanām15, uta16 zaothrām17 frabarō18.

(8) Jamshed4 the King5, bearer18 of the libations17 and the protector of the subjects also16 worshipped2 her (i.e. Dravāspa) from8 the Mount9 Hukara7

with hundred10 horses11 thousand12 oxen13 (and) ten thousand14 small animals15 (and asked for the boon):

(9) xmDazdi19 me20 vanguhi21 sēvishte22, Dravāspe23 tat24 āyaptem25, yatha26 azem27 fshaoni28 vāthwa29, avabarāni30 avi31 Mazdāo32 dāmabyo33, yatha34 azem35 amerekhtīm36, avabarāni37 avi38 Mazdāo39 dāmabyō40.

(9) O good21 (and) most beneficent22 Dravāspa23! do thou grant19 me20

this24 boon25 that I may bring30 prosperity28 unto31 the creatures33 of Ahura Mazda32 (and) xnthe increase of cattle29 xoand immortality36 unto38 the creatures40 of Ahura Mazda39.

(10) xpUta41 azem42 apa-barāni43, va44 shudhemcha45 tarshnemcha46

hacha47 Mazdāo48 dāmabyō49, uta50 azem51 apa-barāni52, va53 zaurvāmcha54, merethyūmcha55 hacha56 mazdāo57 dāmabyō58, uta59 azem60 apabarāni61, va62 gerememcha63 vātem64 aotemcha65 hacha66 Mazdāo67

dāmabyō68, hazangrem69 aiwi-gāmanām70.

(10) Also41 I42 may take away43 (or remove) both44 hunger45 and thirst46

from47 the creatures49 of Ahura Mazda48; Also50 I may take away52

xl For its translation, see paragraphs First and second of this yasht.

xm Dr. Geldner takes this paragraph in the verse form of six lines.

xn I have taken the words “fshaoni vāthwa” as nouns in the Dvandva Compound. Also the word “fshaoni” occurs as an adjective, meaning prosperous, “fat”.

xo For comparison, see Āvān yasht para 26 where the King Jamshed prays for destroying the power and the prosperity of the daevas.

xp Dr. Geldner takes this paragraph in the verse form of 10 lines.

GOSH YASHT

decrepitude54 and death55 from56 the creatures58 of Ahura Mazda57; I60 may (cast out) from66 the creatures68 of Ahura Mazda67 the hot63 and the cold65

wind64.

(11) Dathat ahmāi tat avat āyaptem Dravāspa sūra Mazdadhāta ashaoni thrāthri, zaothrō-barāi aredhrāi yazemnāi jaidhyantāi, dāthrish xqāyaptem.

Ahe raya khvarenanghacha, tām yazāi surunvata yasna, tām yazai huyashta yasna, Dravāspām sūrām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm. zaothrābyō Dravāspām sūrām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm yazamaide. Haomayō gava baresmana, hizvō-danghangha, mānthracha vachacha shyaothnacha, zaothrābyascha arshukhdhaēibyascha vāghzibyō.

Yenghe hātām āat yesne paiti vanghō, Mazdāo Ahurō vaētha ashāt hachā, yāonghāmcha tānschā tāoschā yazamaide.

(Kardāh 3) (12) Dravāspām surāam Mazdadhātām ashaonīm yazamaide; drvō-pasvām, drvō-staorām, drvō-urvathām, drvō-aperenāyukām, pouru-spakhshtīm dūrāt, pathana khvāthravana dareghōhakhedhrayana, yukhta-aspām, varetō-rathām, khvanat-chakhrām, fshaonīm, merezām, amavaitīm, huraodhām khvāsaokām, baēshazayām, drvō-stāitim, drvō-varetām avanghe narām xrashaonām.

(13) Tām1 yazata2 Vīsō3 puthrō4 Āthwyānōish5, vīsō6 sūrayāo7 Thraētaonō8, upa9 varenem10 chathru-gaoshem11, satem12 aspanām13 hazangrem14 gavām15 baēvare16 anumayanām17, uta18 zaothrāo19 frabarō20.

(13) Thraetaona, the son4 of Athwya5 family3 of the valiant7 race6 who is the bearer of libations, worshipped2 her1 (i.e. Dravāspa) in the xsfourcornered11 Varena-Gilan)10, city with hundred12 horses13, thousand14 oxen15

and ten thousand16 small animals17 (and prayed for the boon as).

(14) Dazdi21 me22 vanguhi23 sēvishte24 Dravāspe25 tat26 āyaptem27, yat28 bavāni29 aiwi-vanyāo30 azīm31 Dahākem32 thri-zafanem33, thri-kameredhem34, khshvash-ashīm35, hazangra-yaokhshtīm36, ash-aojanghem37, daēvīm38 drujem39, aghem40 gaēthāvyō41 drvantem42, yām43 ashaojastemām44 drujem45 fracha kerentat46 angrō mainyush47 avi48 yām49 astvaitīm50 gaēthām51, mahrkāi52 ashahe53 gaēthanām54. Uta55 he56 vanta57 azāni58 Savanghavāchi59 arenavāchi60, yōi61 hen62 kehrpa63 sraēshta64 zazātēe65 gaēthyāicha66, yōi67 abdōteme68.

(14) O good23 (and) most beneficent24 Dravāspa25! grant me thou21 this26

xq i.e. Dravāspa yazata granted the boon asked by the King Jamshed; For its translation see paras 5-6 of this yasht.

xr For its translation, see paragraphs First and second of this yasht.

xs Or of four parts or four-gated; see Vendidad fargard 1.18.

boon27 that28 I may overcome30 (subdue) the Azi-Dahak31-32, three-jawed33, three-skulled34, six-orbed35, of a thousand wiles36, very strong37 devilish38

Druj39, who is harmful40, wicked42 for (these) countries41. Whom43 Angra Mainyu47 created46 as by far the strongest44 Druj45 on48 (this) material50

world51 for the destruction52 of the worlds54 of righteousness53. Moreover55 I xtmay release (or give salvation58) to his56 two wives57 Shehernaz59 and xuAranvaz60 who61 are62 the fairest64 of the bodies63 amongst the women65 of (this) world66, (and) who67 (are fallen) in the deepest cavern68.

(15) Dathat ahmāi tat avat āyaptem Dravāspa Sūra Mazdadhāta ashaoni thrāthri, zaothrō-barāi aredhrāi yazemnāi jaidhyantāi, dāthris āyaptem.

Ahe raya khvarenanghacha, tām yazāi surunvata yasna, tām yazāi huyashta yasna, Dravāspām sūrām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm. zaothrābyō Dravāspām sūrām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm xvyazamaide.

Haomayō gava baresmana, hizvō-danghangha, mānthracha vachacha shyaothnacha, zaothrābyascha arshukhdhaēibyascha vāghzibyō.

Yenghe hātām āat yesne paiti vanghō, Mazdāo Ahurō vaētha ashāt hachā, yāonghāmcha tānschā tāoschā yazamaide.

(Kardāh 4) (16) Dravāspām sūrām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm yazamaide; drvō-pasvām, drvō-staorām, drvō-urvathām, drvō-aperenāyukām, pouru-spakhshtīm dūrāt, pathana khvāthravana dareghōhakhedhrayana, yukhta-aspām, varetō-rathām, khvanat-chakhrām, fshaonīm, marezām, amavaitīm, huraodhām, khvā-saokām, baēshazayām, drvō-stāitīm, drvō-varetām avanghe narām xwashaonām.

(17) Tām1 yazata2 Haomō3 Frāshmish4 baēshazyo5, srīrō6, khshathryō7, zairi-dōithrō8, barezishte9 paiti10 barezahi11 Hairaithyō12 paiti13 Barezayāo14; āat15 hīm16 jaidhyat17 avat18 āyaptem19.

(17) Haoma3, the prosperity-bringer4, the healing5, the beautiful6, the royal7 (and) golden-eyed8, worshipped2 her1 (i.e. Dravāspa) upon11 the highest9 height11 of (the Mount) Alborz12-14, and asked of17 her16 this18 boon19;

(18) Dazdi20 me21 vanguhi22 sēvishte23 Dravāspe24 tat25 āyaptem26, yatha27 azem29 bandayeni29 mairīm30 Tūirīm31 Frangrasyānem32, uta33

xt For comparison of paras 13-14, see Āvān yasht, paras 33-34.

xu Shehernaz and Aranavaz were both most beautiful and handsome Iranian ladies. In the Shahnama they are said to be the sisters of King Jamshed. Professor Mohl and Professor Darmesteter have regarded them as the daughters of King Jamshed.

xv i.e. Dravāspa yazata granted the boon asked for by King Faredoon. For its translation, see paras 5-6 of this same yasht.

xw For its translation, see para first and second of this yasht.

GOSH YASHT

bastem34 vādhayeni35, uta36 bastem37 upanayeni38 bastem39 Kavōish40 Haosravanghahe41, janāt42 tem43 Kava Haosrava44, pasne45 varōish46 Chaēchistahe47 jafrahe48 urvyāpahe49, puthrō50 kaēna51 syāvarshānāi52 zurō-jatahe53, narahe54, Aghraērathahecha55 Naravahe56.

(18) O good22 (and) most beneficent23 Dravāspa24! do thou grant20 me21

this25 boon26, that27 I28 may bind29 the murderous30 (or cruel) Turanian Afrasyab32, and33 may drag35 (him) bound34, and36 bring38 him before (the King) Kaikhousrou40-41, (so that) he may kill42 him43 (i.e. Afrasyab) on the other side45 of the lake46, Chaechasta47, broad-watered49 and deep48.xx

Explanation:- (As to why he kills him a note is given below.)

The son50 (i.e. Kaikhousrou) (may kill Afrāsyāb) in revenge51 of Syavākhsh52 killed by violence53 and in revenge51 of the hero54 Aghraeras55 of xyNaru race56.

(19) Dathat ahmāi tat avat āyaptem Dravāspa Sūra Mazdadhāta ashaoni thrāthri, zaothrō-barāi aredhrāi yazemnāi jaidhyantāi, dāthrish āyaptem. Ahe raya khvarenanghacha, tām yazāi surunvata yasna, tām yazāi huyashta yasna, Dravāspām sūrām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm. zaothrābyō Dravāspām surām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm xzyazamaide. Haomayō gava baresmana, hizvō-danghangha, mānthracha vachacha shyaothnacha, zaothrābyascha arshukhdhaēibyascha vāghzibyō.

Yenghe hātām āat yesne paiti vanghō, Mazdāo Ahurō vaētha ashāt hachā, yāonghāmcha tānschā tāoschā yazamaide.

(Kardāh 5) (20) Dravāspām surām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm yazamaide; drvō-pasvām, drvō-staorām, drvō-urvathām, drvō-aperenāyukām, pouru-spakhshtīm dūrāt, pathana khvāthravana dareghōhakhedhrayana. Yukhta-aspām, varetō-rathām, khvanat-chakhrām, fshaonīm; marezām, amavaitīm, huraodhām, khvāsaokām, baēshazyām, drvō-stāitim, drvō-varetām avanghe narām yaashaonām.

(21) Tām1 yazata2 arsha3 airyanām4 dakhyunām5 khshathrāi6 hankeremō7 Haosrava8, pasne9 varōish10 Chaēchistahe11 jafrahe12 urvyā-

xx This fact agrees to a greater extent with the matter occurring in the Shahnama. It is written there that when a saintly man, Haoma was offering prayer on the mountain, having seen Afrāsyāb hidden there, carried him bound to King Kaikhousrou.

xy Although Aghareras was of Turanian descent and brother of Afrāsyāb, yet he himself being virtuous and just, and having his regards for the Iranians saved the lives of many Iranians from dangers; hence Afrāsyāb killed him.

xz i.e. Dravāspa yazata granted the boon asked for by Haoma. For its translation, see paras 5-6 of this yasht.

ya For its translation see first and second paragraphs of this yasht.

pahe13, satem14 aspanām15, hazangrem16 gavām17, baēvare18, ybanumayanām19 uta20 zaothram21 frabaro22.

(21) The bearer22 of libations21 the manly3 (King) Kaikhosrou8, ycthe consolidator7 of the Kingdom6 of Iranian4 countries5, also worshipped2 her1

(i.e. Dravāspa) with hundred14 horses15, thousand16 oxen17 (and) ten thousand18 small animals19 on the other side9 of the lake10 Chaechasta11, (and) broad-watered13 and deep12.

(22) ydDazdi23-me24 vanguhi25 sevishte26, Dravāspe27 tat28 āyaptem29

yatha30 azem31 nijanāni32 mairīm33 Tūirīm34 Frahgrasyānem35 pasne-36 varōish37 Chaēchistahe38 jafrahe39 urvayāpahe40, puthrō41 kaēna42 Syāvarshānāi43, zurō-jatahe44 narahe45, aghraērathahecha46 naravahe47.

(22) O good25 (and) most beneficent26 Dravāspa27! grant me thou23 this28

boon29 that30 I may kill32 the murderous33 Turānian34 Afrāsyāb35 on the other side36 of the lake37 Chaechasta38, broad-watered40 yeand deep39

Explanation:- (As to the matter why I kill him is stated below.)

(I who am) the yfson41 (of Syavakhsh) may kill that murderous Afrasyab in revenge42 of Syavakhsh43 killed by violence44 (and) in revenge42 of hero45

Aghreras46 of Naru race47.

(23) Dathat ahmāi tat avat āyaptem Dravāspa sūra Mazdadhāta ashaoni thrāthri, zaothrō-barāi aredhrāi yazemnāi jaidhyantāi, dāthrish āyaptem.yg

Ahe raya khvarenanghacha, tām yazai surunvata yasna, tām yazāi huyashta yasna, Dravāspām sūrām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm. zaothrābyō Dravāspām sūrām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm yazamaide. Haomayō gava baresmana, hizvō-danghangha, mānthracha vachacha shyaothnacha, zaothrābyascha arshukhdhaēibyascha vāghzibyō.

Yenghe hātām āat yesne paiti vanghō, Mazdāo Ahurō vaētha ashāt hachā, yāonghāmcha tānschā tāoschā yazamaide.

(Kardāh 6) (24) Dravāspām sūrām Mazdadhātām ashonīm yazamaide; drvō-pasvām, drvō-staorām, drvō-urvathām, drvōaperenāyukām, pouru-spakhshtīm dūrāt, pathana, khvāthravana

yb Except the last three words this para occurs in para 49 of Āvān yasht.

yc i.e. the merger of all countries under the control of Iran into one sovereignty.

yd Dr. Geldner takes this paragraph into verse form of 9 lines.

ye Darmesteter translates “urvyāpa, uruyāpa” by “of salt waters”.

yf For the explanation of this paragraph, see Karda 4 of this yasht.

yg i.e. Dravāspa yazata granted the boon asked by King Kaikhousrou. For its translation, see paras 5-6 of this yasht.

GOSH YASHT

dareghō-hakhedhrayana. Yukhta-aspām, varetō-rathām, khvanatchakhrām, fshaonīm, marezām, amavaitīm, huraodhām, khvāsaokām, baēshazyām, drvō-stāitīm, drvō-varetām avanghe narām yhashaonām.

(25) Tām1 yazata2 yō3 ashava4 Zarathushtrō5, Airyene6 Vaējahi7 vanghuyāo8 Dāityayāo9 yiHaoma10 yō11 gava12 baresmana13 hizvōdanghangha14, mānthracha15 vachacha16 shyaothnacha17 zaothrābyascha18 arshukhdhaēibyascha19 vāghzibyō20; āat21 hīm22 jaidhyat23 avat24 āyaptem25.

(25) (Prophet) Holy4 Zarathushtra5 worshipped2 her1 (i.e. Dravāspa) in the Airyan Vaeja6-7 (on the banks) of the River Veh Dāitya8-9 with Haoma10

mixed with the milk12 (and) Baresman13, and with the wisdom of the tongue14

coupled with thought15, word16 and deed17 and with truthful19 utterances20 for libations18; and asked of23 her22 this24 boon25.

(26) yjDazdi26 me27 vanguhi28 sēvishte29, Dravāspe30 tat31 āyaptem32, yatha33 azem34 hāchayene35, vanguhīm36 āzātām37 Hutaosām38, anumatēe39 daēayāo40 anukhtēe41 daēnayāo42, anvarshtēe43 daēnayāo44, yā45 me46 daēnām47 Māzdayasnīm48, zarascha49 dāt50 apaēcha51 aotāt52 yā53 me54 varezānāi55 vanguhīm56 dāt57 frasastīm58.

(26) O good28 (and) most beneficent29 Dravāspa30! do thou grant26 me27

this boon32 that331 may lead 35 the good36 (and) nobly born37 ykHutaosa38 to think39 speak41 and act43 in conformity with39 the Religion40. (And) (who)45

(i.e. Hutaosa) ylmay set50(her) heart49 upon my46 Mazda-worshipping48

Religion47 (and) ymmay make known52 her ynwish51; besides she may (i.e. Hutaosa) yoadmonish58 me54 for (my prophetic) work.

(27) Dathat ahmāi tat avat āyaptem Dravāspa sūra Mazdadhāta ashaoni thrāthri, zaothrō-barāi aredhrāi yazemnāi jaidhyantāi, dāthrish āyaptem. Ahe raya khvarenanghacha, tām yazāi surunvata yasna, tām yazāi huyashta yasna, Dravāspām sūrām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm. zaothrābyō Dravāspām sūrām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm ypyazamaide.

yh For its translation, see first and second paragraphs of this yasht.

yi Here Dr. Geldner has adopted the reading “haomayō”, but it is not correct.

yj Dr. Geldner takes this para in verse-form of 10 lines; each line ends with comma (,).

yk Hutaosa is the wife of King Gushtasp. In the Shah Nama she is called “Ketayun”.

yl Or may keep love-sympathy upon my religion; in para 105 of Āvān yasht, Prophet Zarathushtra prays for the boon that he may attract the King Gushtasp to his Religion and may keep sufficient faith on that religion.

ym Apaēcha - root up = Sanskrit ap = to wish, to desire.

yn “Aotāt” - root vat = Sanskrit vad = to speak, to announce; imperfect subjunctive.

yo Or he may give57 good56 renown58 to my54 (prophetic) work55. For comparison, see stanza 7 of yasna Hā 49.

yp i.e. Dravāspa yazata granted the boon asked by the Prophet Zarathushtra. For its translation,

Haomayō gava baresmana, hizvō-danghangha, mānthracha vachacha shyaothnacha, zaothrābyascha arshukhdhaēibyascha vāghzibyō.

Yenghe hātām āat yesne paiti vanghō, Mazdāo Ahurō vaētha ashāt hachā, yāonghāmcha tānschā tāoschā yazamaide.

(Kardāh 7) (28) Dravāspām sūrām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm yazamaide; drvō-aspām, drvō-staorām, drvō-urvathām, drvō-aperenāyukām, pouru-spakhshtīm dūrāt, pathana khvāthravana dareghō hakhedhrayana. Yukhta-aspām varetō-rathām, khvanat-chakhrām, fshaonīm, marezām, amavaitīm, huraodhām, khvāsaokām, baēshazyām, drvō-stāitim, drvō-varetām avanghe narām yqashaonām.

(29) Tām1 yazata2 berezaidhish3 Kava4 Vishtāspō5 pasne6 āpō7 Dāityayāo8, satem9 aspanām10, hazangrem11 gavām12, baēvare13 anumayanām14, uta15 zaothrām16 frabarō17.

(29) The bearer17 of libations16 Kay4 Vishtaspa5 of exalted yrvision3 also15

worshipped2 her1 (i.e. Dravāspa) on the other side7 of the river7 Veh-Dāityā8

with hundred9 horses10, thousand11 oxen12 (and) ten thousand13 small animals14, (and asked for the boon;).

(30) Dazdi18 me19 vanguhi20 sēvishte21 Dravāspe22 tat23 āyaptem24 yatha25 azāni26 peshane27 ashta28 aurvantō29, vīspa-thaurvo-astōish31, puthrō32 vīspa33-thaurvō34, urvi35-khaodhō36, urvi37-varethrō38, stvī39manōthrīsh40, yenghe41 hapta42 sata43 ushtranām44 jainyāvarat45, pascha46 khvīdhahe47 yatha48 azāni49 peshane50 mairyehe51 Khyaonahe52 Arejataspahe53, yatha54 azāni55 peshane56 darshinikahe57 daēvayasnahe58.

O good20 (and) most beneficent21 Dravāspa22! do thou grant18 me19 this23

boon24 that25 I may drive away the eight28 warriors29 in the battle:- (1) Vispathaurvo-asti30-31, (2) the son32 of Vispa-thaurva33-34, (3) Urvi-khaodha35-36, (4) Urvi-verethra37-38, (5) Stvi-manothri39-40, whose41 seven42 hundred43 camels44

follow45 yshim; I may drive him away49 in battle50, (6) the ytexcited47 (and)

see paras 5-6 of this yasht.

yq For its translation, see first and second paras of this yasht.

yr i.e. Liberal-hearted; or far-sighted, far-seeing, noble. “Of noble lineage” (Harlez). “tall” (Darmesteter).

ys Professor Harlez.

yt Root khvidh = Sanskrit svid = to perspire, to sweat, to excite. This passage is rather obscure. I do not regard this translation quite satisfactory. European scholars having taken “ashtaaurvanta” as proper name have considered urvi-khaodho, urvi-varethra, stvi-manothri as epithets and have translated them as “having a projecting helmet”, having a projected shield and of thick neck or of big head. It is true that these words have these meanings. Prof. Darmesteter translates as follows:- “O Dravāspa! grant me this boon that I may put to flight Ashta-aurvant, the son of Vispa-thaurvō-asti, the all-afflicting, …. and the attacks of those seven hundred camels with plundered goods behind him”.

GOSH YASHT

murderous51 Khyaona52 (as well as) (7) Arjāspa53; also54 I may drive away48

(8) the idol-worshipper58 Darshinika57.

(31) Uta60 azem61 nyanāni62 Tāthravantem63 duz-daēnem64, uta65 azem66 nijanāni67 Spinjaurushkem68 daēvayasnem69, uta70 azem71 fraourvaēsayeni72 Humaya73 Varedhakanāmcha74, Khvyaonyehecha75 danghāvō76, uta77 azem78 nijanāni79 Khvyaoninām80 dakhyunām81, panchasaghnāi82 sataghnāishcha83, sataghnāi84 hazanghraghnāishcha85, hazanghraghnāi86 baēvareghnāishcha87 baēvareghnāi88 ahākhshtaghnāishcha89.

(31) I61 may smite62 also Tāthravant63 of the wicked faith64 and the daevaworshipper69 Spinjaurushka68; and70 may introduce72 good laws73 (or wise code of laws73) into the countries76 of Varedhaka74 and of yuKhvyaonya75. Moreover77, I78 may yvsmite79 (the people) of the Khvyaonian80 countries81, fifties82 and hundreds83, hundreds84 and thousands85, thousands86 and ten thousands times87 ten thousands88 and innumerable89.

(32) Dathat ahmāi tat avat āyaptem Dravāspa sūra Mazdadhāta ashaoni thrāthri, zaothrō-barāi aredhrāi yazemnāi jaidhyantāi, dāthrish āyaptem. Ahe raya khvarenanghacha, tām yazāi surunvata yasna, tām yazāi huyashta yasna, Dravāspām surām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm. zaothrābyō Dravāspām sūrām Mazdadhātām ashaonīm ywyazamaide. Haomayō gava baresmana, hizvō-danghangha, mānthracha vachacha shyaothnacha, zaothrābyascha arshukhdhaēibyascha vāghzibyō.

Yenghe hātām āat yesne paiti vanghō, Mazdāo Ahurō vaētha ashāt hachā, yāonghāmcha tānschā tāoschā yazamaide.

(To recite in bāz) Hormazd Khodāe awazūnie mardum, mardum sardagān hamā sardagān, hambāyaste vehān, oem behedīn māzdayasnān āgāhī āstavānī nekī rasānad aedūn bād. (To recite aloud) Yathā Ahū Vairyō 2.

Yasnemcha vahmemcha aojascha zavarecha afrīnami, Dravāspayao Sūrayāo Mazdadhātayāo yxashaonyāo. Ashem Vohū 1.

Ahmāi raēshcha; Hazangrem; Jasa me avanghe Mazda; Kerfeh

yu Prof. Darmesteter gives some explanation about this:- The Khvyaonas seem to have been the Chionitae, a bellicose tribe near the land of Gilan, often at war with the first Sassanides.

yv The name of the Varedhakas reminds one of the Vertae who are mentioned once in company with the Chionitae; but their geographical situation is not ascertained. In any case the proximity of the Daitya shows that both the people must have inhabited the Western Coast of the Caspian Sea.

yw i.e. Dravāspa yazata granted the boon asked by the King Gushtasp. This Seventh Kardāh except slight difference corresponds to the 9th Kardāh of Arshisvangh yasht.

yx For its translation, see paras 5-6 of this yasht.